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| 1693 |
| | | Gold is found in Brazil, launching the first great American gold rush | |
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| 1759 |
| | | The Portuguese expel the Jesuits from Brazil, beginning a widespread reaction against the order in Catholic Europe | |
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| 1763 |
| | | The capital of the Portuguese colony of Brazil is moved from Bahia to Rio de Janeiro | |
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| 1776 |
| | | Buenos Aires rather than Asunción is chosen to be capital of the new Spanish viceroyalty of La Plata | |
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| 1788 |
| | | Tiradentes (the 'puller of teeth') leads the first rebellion against Portuguese rule in Brazil | |
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| 1792 |
| | | The Brazilian rebel Tiradentes is beheaded in public in Rio de Janeiro as a warning to would-be revolutionaries | |
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| 1806 |
| | | The Creole militia of Buenos Aires drive out an English force which has captured the city | |
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| 1807 |
| | | The Portuguese royal family flees to Brazil on the approach of a French army led by Jean-Andoche Junot | |
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| 1810 |
| | | After a public meeting in Buenos Aires, Argentinians set up an autonomous local government in opposition to Spanish forces | |
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| 1815 |
| | | Brazil is given equal standing with Portugal, forming together the Kingdom of Portugal and Brazil | |
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